The Bible addresses the topic of homosexuality in several passages. Here is an overview of some of the key verses:
Old Testament Verses
The Old Testament contains several verses that condemn homosexual acts:
- “You shall not lie with a male as with a woman; it is an abomination.” (Leviticus 18:22)
- “If a man lies with a male as with a woman, both of them have committed an abomination; they shall surely be put to death; their blood is upon them.” (Leviticus 20:13)
These verses explicitly prohibit men from engaging in sexual relations with other men, declaring it an “abomination.” This establishes the Old Testament view of homosexual acts as sinful.
New Testament Verses
The New Testament also addresses homosexuality in several passages:
- “For this reason God gave them up to dishonorable passions. For their women exchanged natural relations for those that are contrary to nature; and the men likewise gave up natural relations with women and were consumed with passion for one another, men committing shameless acts with men and receiving in themselves the due penalty for their error.” (Romans 1:26-27)
- “Or do you not know that the unrighteous will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men who practice homosexuality.” (1 Corinthians 6:9)
- “…realizing the fact that law is not made for a righteous person, but for those who are lawless and rebellious, for the ungodly and sinners, for the unholy and profane, for those who kill their fathers or mothers, for murderers, and immoral men and homosexuals and kidnappers and liars and perjurers, and whatever else is contrary to sound teaching.” (1 Timothy 1:9-10)
These verses identify homosexual behavior as sinful, contrary to God’s design, and incompatible with inheriting the kingdom of God. Like the Old Testament, the New Testament unequivocally prohibits homosexual acts.
Other Relevant Verses
Some additional verses provide broader biblical principles related to sexuality and homosexuality:
- “So God created man in his own image, in the image of God he created him; male and female he created them.” (Genesis 1:27)
- “For this reason a man will leave his father and mother and be united to his wife, and they will become one flesh.” (Genesis 2:24)
- “Marriage should be honored by all, and the marriage bed kept pure, for God will judge the adulterer and all the sexually immoral.” (Hebrews 13:4)
- “Flee from sexual immorality. Every other sin a person commits is outside the body, but the sexually immoral person sins against his own body.” (1 Corinthians 6:18)
These verses establish God’s design for human sexuality as heterosexual monogamy. They imply that any sexual expression outside of marriage between a man and woman would be considered immoral.
Interpretations and Applications
There are different interpretations and applications of these verses among Christian groups. Here are a few key perspectives:
- Traditional/Conservative View – Homosexual behavior is always sinful, regardless of context. Gay marriage is prohibited. Celibacy is required for those with same-sex attraction, unless their orientation changes. Affirms traditional sexual ethics.
- Progressive/Affirming View – Passages refer to specific exploitative acts but do not address loving same-sex relationships. Monogamous gay marriage is permissible. Affirms LGBT identity and relationships.
- “Love the sinner, hate the sin” – Distinguishes between orientation and behavior. Same-sex attraction not necessarily sinful but acting upon it is. Calls for love and compassion alongside traditional sexual ethics.
There are thoughtful arguments on multiple sides of this issue. Christians have a diversity of views regarding how to apply biblical texts on homosexuality. There is room for respectful dialogue and further study.
Common Themes and Principles
A few general themes and principles can be drawn from these passages:
- Sexual ethics – The Bible promotes sexual purity and integrity, inside and outside of marriage.
- Marriage – Scripture defines marriage as between one man and one woman.
- Human dignity – All people have inherent worth as image-bearers of God, though all struggle with sin.
- Sin and grace – Behaviors can be called sinful while people are offered grace, forgiveness and transformation.
- Cultural context – Some commands were specific to ancient Israelite culture. Others reflect God’s unchanging moral standards.
- Church unity – Christians should discuss this issue with grace, humility and patience.
In summary, the Bible consistently identifies homosexual behavior as morally wrong. Yet it does so within a larger biblical framework of human fallenness and God’s love for all people. This is a complex topic with various interpretations. May Christians thoughtfully seek to apply biblical principles with both conviction and compassion.